Allgemeine und Typologische Sprachwissenschaft
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Turkish - a homework

(Peter Bouda 2004)

(0) Dün
yesterday
akşam
evening
koş-a
run-CV
koş-a
run-CV
ev-e
home-DIR
gel-di-m
come-PAST-1SG
'Yesterday evening I came home running.'  [no reference]
 
(1) Ev-e
home-DIR
gel-diğ-im-de
come-ANOM-1SG-LOC
yağmur
rain
başla-mış-tı
begin-REPPAST-PAST
'When I came home, it had begun to rain.'  [no reference]
 
(2) Içeri-ye
inside-DIR
gir-di-m
enter-PAST-1SG
ağabey-im-i
brother-1SG-ACC
koltuk-ta
sofa-LOC
uyu-r
sleep-AOR
bul-du-m
find-PAST-1SG
'I entered and found my brother sleeping on the sofa.'  [no reference]
 
(3) O
DIST
uyu-r-ken
sleep-AOR-while
sessizce
without=voice
kendi
REFL
oda-m-a
room-1SG:POSS-DIR
gir-di-m
enter-PAST-1SG
'While he was sleeping I silently went to my room.'  [no reference]
 
(4) oda-m-a
room-POSS:1SG-DIR
gir-diğ-im
enter-FNOM-POSS:1SG
zaman
time
saat-e
clock-DIR
bak-tı-m
watch-PAST-1SG
'When I entered my room I looked at the watch.'  [no reference]
 
(5) Saat
clock
10
ten
ol-muş-tu
be-REPPAST-PAST
'It was ten o'clock.'  [no reference]
 
(6) biraz
little
dinle-n-eyim
rest-MED-OPT:1SG
de
too
'Should I rest a little or...'  [no reference]
 
(7) yarın-ki
tomorrow-of
iş-ler-im-e
work-PL-POSS:1SG-DIR
hazırla-n-ayım
make=ready-MED-OPT:1SG
diye
CIT
düşün-dü-m
think-PAST-1SG
'should I make my homework for tomorrow, I thought.'  [no reference]
 
(8) Yarın-ki
tomorrow-of
program-ı
program-POSS:3SG
bugün-den
today-ABL
hazırla-yabil-ir-se-m
make=ready-ABIL-AOR-COND-1SG
'If I can make the program of tomorrow today...'  [no reference]
 
(9) daha
more
rahat
rest
eder-di-m
do-PAST-1SG
çünkü
because
'I could rest more (that was the cause for my thinking).'  [no reference]
 
(10) Iç-im-den
inner-POSS:1SG-ABL
bir
one
ses
voice
yeter
enough
artık
no=more
çalış-ma
work-ANOM
de-r-ken
say-AOR-while
'While one inner voice said that I should work no more...'  [no reference]
 
(11) bir
one
diğer
other
ses
voice
de
too
çalış-ma-m
work-ANOM-POSS:1SG
gerek-tiğ-in-i
to=be=necessary-FNOM-POSS:3SG-ACC
söylü-yor-du
say-PROGR-PAST
'another voice was saying that it is necessary that I work.'  [no reference]
 

Abbreviations:

1SG first person singular,  3SG third person singular,  ABIL Ability,  ANOM Action nominal,  AOR Aorist,  CIT Citation,  COND Conditional,  CV Converb,  DIR Directive,  DIST Distal,  FNOM Factive nominal,  MED Medium,  OPT Optative,  PAST Past,  PL plural,  POSS Possessive,  PROGR progressive,  REFL Reflexive,  REPPAST Reported Past


Functions:

ABL Ablative,  ACC Accusative,  LOC Locative